The Global Commission on Economic and Climate was established to test the possibility of achieving sustainable economic growth while addressing the risks of climate change.The report seeks to inform economic decision makers in both the public and private sectors who recognize the serious risks of climate change in addition to addressing more pressing issues such as employment, competitiveness and poverty.This report brings together evidence and analysis, learning from practical experience from various countries, cities and businesses around the world.15 years ahead is a critical point, as the global economy undergoes profound structural transformation. The period is not "business as usual".The global economy will grow by more than half, another billion people will come to live in the city, and rapid technological advances will continue to transform business and life. Funds of US $ 90 trillion will be invested in urban infrastructure, land use and world energy systems.this form of change management will determine the pattern of future growth patterns, productivity, and living standards.
The investment of the next 15 years will also determine the future of the world’s climate system. Climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions in the past has already shown serious economic consequences, especially in the most affected areas.without any real action in the next 10-15 years, which pushed global emissions to a peak and then declined, it is almost certain that global warming will exceed 2 ° C, a level that the international community does not want to exceed.looking at current trends, the warming may be 4 ° C at the end of the century, with extreme impacts that are likely to be irreparable.by building greenhouse gas concentrations and locking up high carbon asset inventories, sluggish action on emissions reductions makes the shift toward a more costly low-carbon economy.
The investment of the next 15 years will also determine the future of the world’s climate system. Climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions in the past has already shown serious economic consequences, especially in the most affected areas.without any real action in the next 10-15 years, which pushed global emissions to a peak and then declined, it is almost certain that global warming will exceed 2 ° C, a level that the international community does not want to exceed.looking at current trends, the warming may be 4 ° C at the end of the century, with extreme impacts that are likely to be irreparable.by building greenhouse gas concentrations and locking up high carbon asset inventories, sluggish action on emissions reductions makes the shift toward a more costly low-carbon economy.
Future economic growth does not have to repeat high-carbon models that are unevenly distributed in the past.there is now great potential to invest with greater efficiency, structural transformation, and deep technological change three major economic systems:
- The city is the engine of economic growth. Cities account for about 80% of global economic output, and about 70% of global energy use and greenhouse gas emissions associated with energy. How the largest cities with the fastest growing growth rates in the world will determine the future of the global economy and climate.however, today many unplanned and unstructured urban growth, with significant economic, social and environmental costs.as shown by pioneering cities around the world, more productive and interconnected urban development, built around public transport, which ultimately creates more dynamic and healthier economic cities, and has lower emissions.such an approach to urbanization could reduce urban infrastructure capital requirements by more than US $ 3 trillion over the next 15 years.
- Land use productivity will determine the world’s ability to meet the food needs of the population projected to grow to more than eight billion by 2030, while maintaining its natural environment.improved food production, forest conservation and reduced land use emissions through improved crop and livestock productivity, using new technologies and a comprehensive approach to cultivate land and water.only by recovering 12% of degraded agricultural land, the world will be able to meet the food needs of 200 million people by 2030, while strengthening climate resilience and reducing emissions.slowing down to halt the rate of deforestation can be achieved with strong international support coupled with domestic commitments that support forest protection and rural income generation.
- Energy and growth systems. We are at the peak of a clean energy future.coal is more risky and more expensive now, with increasing import dependence and increased air pollution. The fall in costs, especially for wind and solar power, makes low-carbon renewable energy sources and other energy sources more reliable for more than half the number of new power plants over the next 15 years.Greater energy efficiency investments - in business, buildings, and transport - have great potential for cutting and managing demand.in developing countries, decentralized renewable energy can help provide electricity to more than one billion people who do not have access.
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